DRM (Digital Rights Management)

What is DRM?

DRM (Digital Rights Management) is a system that encrypts video and controls the decryption keys so that only licensed players, under enforced rules, can play the content. Unlike plain encryption, the key is delivered to a protected module on the device and never to code the viewer controls.

How DRM Works

The video is encrypted with a content key. When a viewer presses play, their device requests a license from a DRM license server, which checks entitlement and returns the key wrapped so that only a protected component on the device (the Content Decryption Module) can use it. The license also carries policy: expiry, maximum resolution, offline rights, and output protection requirements. Keys and decrypted frames stay out of reach of page JavaScript and ordinary device memory.

Why DRM Matters

• Defeats download tools: DRM is the only protection tier that stops browser extensions and stream rippers outright, because the key is never exposed.
• Enforces rules, not just access: A license can allow offline viewing for 48 hours, cap resolution on untrusted devices, or require HDCP on the output.
• Studio and revenue requirement: Premium content licensing and paid-course economics both depend on it.

The Three DRMs That Matter

Google Widevine (Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Android), Apple FairPlay (Safari, iOS, iPadOS, tvOS), and Microsoft PlayReady (Windows, Xbox, many smart TVs). Because no single DRM covers every device, most platforms deploy multi-DRM.

For Platform Owners

Running DRM yourself means operating license servers and Apple-approved FairPlay packaging, which is why most course, OTT, and media businesses use a hosted DRM provider that bundles Widevine and FairPlay behind one API.